Garbage Collection

Various strategies to claim memory that was previously allocated on the Heap by a Process but which is no longer required and can be freed back to the system.

Compiled programs must either manually handle their memory, or use a compiler that is able to make an assessment of memory allocation ahead of time (such as reference counting), in order to manage its memory

Interpreted programs may be able to rely on the Virtual Machine to automatically clean up memory that is no longer being used by the interpreted program